New discoveries on Mars continue to arouse human curiosity. Scientists from NASA and various global research institutions discovered traces of past life which makes Mars even more interesting. Analysis from the Perseverance and Curiosity rovers provides a new picture of the condition of the red planet. The Perseverance rover, which landed in February 2021, carries advanced tools to search for signs of life. One of the significant discoveries is the deposition of the mineral argil which has the potential to form in water-rich environments. This research shows that Mars once had a thicker atmosphere and warmer temperatures, allowing water to flow on the surface. Analysis of data from marsquakes via seismometers provides information about the subsurface structure of Mars. The researchers found that there were areas with concentrations of organic material, which may indicate the presence of ancient microorganisms. Chemical elements found in soil layers also indicate the potential presence of biomolecules, an important indication in the search for life. In several previous missions, the discovery of methane in the Martian atmosphere added to the mystery. Methane is often produced by biological activity, although it can originate from geological sources. Therefore, scientists carried out a deeper analysis to determine the origin of this gas. The presence of methane in the Martian atmosphere highlights the possibility that microbes could survive beneath the surface. The Curiosity rover also had an important contribution to this research. Using X-ray and spectroscopy analysis tools, Curiosity has identified trace minerals associated with ancient ocean conditions. This discovery supports the theory that Mars may have a habitable environment for life similar to that on Earth. In addition, studies of the Martian crust, which consists of various types of rock, indicate the existence of geological processes that could support life. Observations of surface features such as river deltas and craters indicate that water once existed in sufficient quantities to create an environment that supported life. The use of innovative technology such as carbon isotope analysis also supports understanding of the traces of life on Mars. This research can help scientists determine whether carbon footprints come from biogenic or geological activity. With a better understanding of Mars’ chemical composition, the quest to find life becomes a little more concrete. Missions to Mars are not just limited to geological discoveries. Studies of ice trapped at Mars’ poles show evidence of more stable liquid water in the past. This leads to further research into possible ecosystems developing on the planet. The Mars Science Laboratory and the Mars Exploration program are in the development stages to learn more about the planet’s past life. Huge investment in space technology and research is at the forefront, bringing new hope in the search for extraterrestrial life. Overall, the new discoveries on Mars prove that the planet has a complex geological and biological history. Each new discovery not only brings us closer to understanding life on Mars, but also about the origins of life itself in the universe. Continued research will open the door to more discoveries that change the way we view the red planet.