Global forest fires have increased significantly in recent years, posing a serious threat to the environment, human health and wildlife. The causes of forest fires are diverse and complex, often involving interactions between natural factors and human activities. One of the main causes of forest fires is climate change. Rising global temperatures are causing longer and more severe droughts, creating ideal conditions for fires. Regions such as Australia and California have experienced devastating fires fueled by extreme weather, including heatwaves and strong winds. According to research, rising temperatures can increase the frequency and intensity of forest fires. Apart from climatic factors, human activities have contributed greatly to the increase in forest fires. Clearing land for agriculture and plantations is often done by burning, which can quickly spread and become uncontrolled. In countries like Brazil, deforestation in the Amazon for illegal agriculture is one of the most prominent causes of fires. Ineffective government policies also often facilitate these practices. Forest fires have a very broad impact. From an environmental perspective, fires destroy wildlife habitats and reduce biodiversity. Vegetation loss also exacerbates soil erosion and disrupts local water cycles. Burning vegetation releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, increasing greenhouse gas concentrations and exacerbating climate change. The impact on human health cannot be ignored either. Smoke from forest fires can cause respiratory problems, eye irritation, and various other health conditions. For example, during forest fires in Indonesia, the haze spread to neighboring countries and increased the number of cases of acute respiratory illnesses in the community. From an economic perspective, forest fires can harm the tourism industry, affect the livelihoods of local communities, and consume resources for firefighting. The costs of extinguishing and land rehabilitation are often much higher than prevention or sustainable management. The need for preventive measures is becoming increasingly urgent. Better forest management, use of sustainable agricultural practices, and increased public awareness about the impacts of forest fires can contribute to reducing the frequency of fire events. Policies that support land restoration and forest protection must also be implemented strictly to protect existing ecosystems. Modern technology also plays an important role in mitigating the risk of forest fires. The use of satellites for monitoring, as well as early warning systems, can help detect fires before they spread and provide sufficient time for a rapid response. Therefore, collaboration between government, non-governmental organizations and society is needed to create effective and sustainable solutions. In response to the increase in global forest fires, all parties need to take proactive action. Efforts to strengthen forest management, understand the risks of climate change, and educate the public about environmentally friendly practices are crucial steps in overcoming this crisis. With synergy and strong commitment, we can protect our forests and earth from increasing threats.