The discovery of new exoplanets is a topic that continues to attract the attention of astronomers and researchers around the world. One of the most recent discoveries is an exoplanet known as TOI-1231 b. This exoplanet is located in the constellation Pictor, about 90 light years from Earth. TOI-1231 b is a super-Earth that is larger than Earth, but smaller than giant planets like Neptune. With a radius about 1.5 times that of Earth, the planet is in the habitable zone of its host star system — TOI-1231, an M-type dwarf star. This star is cooler and dimmer than our sun, which gives the exoplanet the potential to have liquid water. The technique used to detect TOI-1231 b is transit photometry. When the planet passes the line of sight of its host star, the star’s light will experience a measurable decrease. This data is very important for scientists to analyze the composition of the atmosphere and the potential presence of water. One interesting aspect of TOI-1231 b is that its atmosphere may be rich in hydrogen. Some studies suggest that the planet’s atmosphere may have a layer of clouds that would affect surface temperature and pressure. Further analysis of the data will help scientists understand whether the planet has conditions that support life. More in-depth studies of TOI-1231 b will be carried out using advanced telescopes such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) which was launched at the end of 2021. JWST is very capable of studying exoplanet atmospheres in detail, including measurements of gases such as carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor. The existence of TOI-1231 b adds to the long list of interesting exoplanets that have been discovered over the last few years. This discovery provides new insight into the diversity of planets outside our solar system. Therefore, further research will not only open up opportunities to understand the atmosphere, but also how these conditions can support life. Based on existing information, scientists hope to carry out follow-up studies in the near future, using a combination of modern resources and technology. This exploration is expected to provide a broader understanding of planetary evolution and the possible existence of life beyond Earth. The discovery of TOI-1231 b shows that space still holds many mysteries that are ready to be explored.